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Type 2 Diabetes Case Study - page 1
Keywords: Daibetes, case study, Diabetes Melltitus, NIDDM patient history
By Einstein10 on 30/12/2009
Level: Foundation Degree
Page Number: 1 of 6 pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6Type 2 (Non-Insulin Dependent) Diabetes Mellitus Case Study
Patient history and Diagnosis
Chimera is a 63 year old, obese afro-caribbean women with a four year history of type 2 diabetes. At the time of her diagnosis, she approached her family doctor complaining of classic diabetes symptoms including, increased urine output (polyuria) especially at night (nocturia), feeling thirsty (polydipsia), tiredness and reluctantly told him about her genital itching. Her G.P suspected type 2 diabetes due to her current symptoms alongside her previous diagnosis of hypertension and hyperglycaemia. A random plasma glucose tolerance test gave a value of 201mg/dl indicative of type 2 diabetes but the doctor advised her that she would have to do follow up tests to confirm his diagnosis. After a fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) was done the values obtained were 118-127mg/dl which were described to Chimera as being indicative of “borderline diabetes”. Therefore her G.P advised that she had an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) which would strictly confirm her diagnosis and the values obtained from this test were 215 mg/dl confirming her diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Chimera was started on glyburide 2.5 mg but stopped taking it due to side effects. She also takes atorvastatin 10mg for her cholesterol. After failed medication attempts her G.P refers Chimera to a diabetes clinical for further examination and medication.
Below is a table to summarise the indicative values for type 2 diabetes in the FPG and OGTT tests.
Table 1. FPG test
Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) Diagnosis
99 or below Normal
100 to 125 Pre-diabetes
(impaired fasting glucose)
126 or above Diabetes
The FPG test is the preferred test used by physicians to test for diabetes because it is convenient and low cost. Patients who undergo this test must fast for at least 8 hours prior to the test. Unfortunately, this test is not as accurate as the OGTT because sometimes it fails to accurately diagnose certain diabetes and Pre-diabetes. 1
Table 2. OGTT
2-Hour Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) Diagnosis
139 and below Normal
140 to 199 Pre-diabetes
(impaired glucose tolerance)
200 and above Diabetes
The OGTT test is much more sensitive than the FPG test but is more time consuming. For this test the patient must fast for 8 hours prior to the test and then the patients glucose level is tested immediately before and 2 hours after they drink a 75g glucose solution dissolved in water. 1
After being referred by her G.P to a diabetes clinic she undergoes a physical exam and various laboratory tests summarised below:
Physical Exam
Table 3. 10
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